"A share" has two distinct meanings: the first is a designation for a "class" of common or preferred stock. A share of common or preferred stock typically have enhanced voting rights or other benefits compared to the other forms of shares that may have been created. The equity structure, or how many types of shares are offered, is determined by the corporate articles of association.

In China, "A shares" are those in Chinese companies issued in China under Chinese law. They are denominated in Chinese currency, the RMB, and are listed on the Shanghai or Shenzhen stock exchanges. By the end of 2007, only Chinese citizens within China may trade the companies issuing "A shares" listed in Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges.